A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery in your lungs, creating a potentially life-threatening condition. Understanding its causes, risks, and treatments is crucial for prevention and management.

Causes and Relationship with DVT:

• Most commonly caused by blood clots, though occasionally by tumor cells, air bubbles, or fat
• Often starts as Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in legs or arms
• When a DVT clot breaks off and travels to lungs, it becomes a pulmonary embolism

Prevalence and Risk:

• Affects approximately 900,000 Americans annually
• 100,000 deaths per year from blood clots
• 1 in 4 pulmonary embolism patients die without warning
• COVID-19 increases risk for up to 6 months after infection

Risk Factors:

• Age over 40
• Previous DVT or pulmonary embolism
• Obesity
• Heart conditions
• Extended periods of immobility
• Recent surgery or trauma
• Cancer
• Pregnancy
• Oral contraceptive use

Prevention:

• Blood thinners when recommended
• Regular movement during long trips
• Compression stockings
• Early mobilization after surgery
• Regular medical follow-ups

Symptoms:

• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Possible fever
• Coughing up blood
• Dizziness
• Heart palpitations
• Note: Sometimes symptoms are mild or absent

Treatment:

• Average cost: $30,000 per incident
• Anticoagulant medications
• Thrombolytic therapy
• Possible hospitalization
• Duration varies based on cause and risk factors
• New treatments include improved blood thinners and thrombectomy procedures

Recovery and Recurrence:

• 33% chance of recurrence within 10 years
• Recovery can take several months
• Some patients may develop pulmonary hypertension
• Ongoing symptoms require medical attention

Seeking immediate medical care when symptoms appear is crucial for survival and successful treatment. Regular follow-up with healthcare providers helps manage ongoing risks and ensures proper recovery.

Related Articles

Previous Articles