Despite a 70% decline in U.S. cigarette smoking since 1965, significant health disparities in tobacco use persist across different population groups, according to a new advisory from U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy.

Cigarette smoking remains the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the United States, responsible for approximately 1 in 5 deaths.

Key disparities exist among:

• Racial and ethnic groups
• Income levels (smoking is twice as common among people in poverty)
• Education levels
• Gender identity and sexual orientation
• Geographic locations (higher rates in rural areas, Midwest, and South)
• Mental health status

The report identifies several contributing factors:

• Social determinants of health, including poverty and discrimination
• Targeted marketing by tobacco companies
• Limited access to cessation treatments
• Environmental influences

Immediate benefits of quitting smoking include:

• Reduced risk of cardiovascular events
• Improved overall health outcomes
• Decreased risk of lung cancer, COPD, and heart disease

Free resources for quitting smoking:

• 1-800-QUIT-NOW (telephone coaching)
• Smokefree.gov
• American Cancer Society's Great American Smokeout
• We Are Truth
• Become an Ex

Expert tips for successful smoking cessation:

• Set a quit date within 2 weeks
• Combine medication with counseling for higher success rates
• Persist through multiple attempts if needed
• Seek professional support

The Surgeon General's vision includes creating a tobacco-free future by addressing disparities, reducing product appeal, implementing protective strategies, and encouraging cessation through available resources. With more than 50% of former smokers having successfully quit, achieving a smoke-free life is possible with proper support and determination.

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