Measles cases have surged across nine states, with 164 reported cases in 2024 - the highest in five years. The CDC has issued new guidance while addressing the outbreak, particularly in western Texas where 159 cases have been confirmed.

Key Facts About the Current Outbreak:

• 80% of cases are in people under 19 years old
• Only 5% of infected individuals were vaccinated
• 20% required hospitalization
• One death has been reported

The CDC maintains that vaccination is the best defense against measles. While the advisory mentions vitamin A as a potential supportive treatment, experts emphasize that it cannot prevent or cure measles. Vitamin A supplementation may help those who develop deficiency due to measles but doesn't address other symptoms or complications.

About Measles:

• One of the most contagious diseases globally
• 90% infection rate among exposed unvaccinated people
• Can spread to more than 10 people from one infected person
• Virus remains active in air and on surfaces for up to 2 hours

Common Symptoms (appear within 14 days):

• Widespread skin rash
• High fever
• Cough
• Sore throat

Potential Complications (30% of cases):

• Ear infections
• Diarrhea
• Pneumonia
• Encephalitis
• Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Prevention and Treatment:

• MMR vaccine: First dose at 12-15 months, second dose at 4-6 years
• Post-exposure vaccination within 72 hours
• Immunoglobulin within 6 days of exposure
• Supportive care: rest, fluids, over-the-counter medications

Health officials strongly advise against "measles parties," warning that intentional exposure is dangerous and potentially life-threatening. The best protection remains vaccination, which has dramatically reduced cases from 3 million annually (with 48,000 hospitalizations and 500 deaths) before the vaccine's introduction in the 1950s.

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